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Lesson 5 · 10 min

Not a Fair Coin

You can tilt the odds — and the tilt can be negative.

A real coin is fair: half heads, half tails. A qubit does not have to be. You can tilt it so it lands on 0 nine times out of ten — or almost never.

  • The tilt is part of the qubit, not part of how you throw it.
  • You set the tilt before you look. After you look it is too late — it has already picked.
  • A tilt of "all the way to 0" is just an ordinary bit again. Ordinary bits are qubits that gave up.
  • Here is the strange part: the tilt can be negative, and negative tilts can cancel each other out. Nothing in the ordinary world does that.

Try it

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Quick check

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  1. 1. A qubit has amplitude 0.8 on |0>. What is the chance of measuring 0?

  2. 2. What can amplitudes do that probabilities cannot?

  3. 3. A qubit whose amplitude sits entirely on |0> behaves like what?